PRANAYAMA HEALTH SCALE: CONCEPTUALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION AND RELIABILITY FOR ADOLESCENTS? WELL BEING
Abstract
Author(s): Sadhna Dadhore, G. Paran Gowda
Pranayama techniques are enshrined in the ancient Indian yoga text books. The concept on pranayama health scale (PHS) is developed based on these scriptures. The present study is an attempt to develop a psychometric scale entitled Pranayama Health Scale (PHS) to measure individuals’ physical and mental health and pranic wellbeing. A sample size of 1,253 adolescents was recruited on a convenient sampling basis to evaluate the psychometric properties of PHS. Content validity and face validity were done as a part of theoretical analysis. Construct validity was assessed through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis using SPSS and AMOS version 25. Reliability of the scale was tested using Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman-Brown coefficient. The final scale consisted of 12 items, which produced a latent variable with Spearman-Brown coefficient of 0.97 and Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96. PHS scores are positively correlated (p<0.001) with Yoga Self-Efficacy Scale (YSES). Goodness of Fit indices comprising Absolute, Incremental and Parsimonious fits were also calculates from the scale scores are within the accepted range confirming the validity of the model. The pranayama scale could be beneficial for the general health and well being of adolescent groups.
